The Timeline of Arts History

Renaissance Classicism

The Renaissance in European history represents the period in which the Middle Ages ended. A distinctive feature of Renaissance art was its development of highly realistic linear perspective. Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) is credited with being the first to treat painting as a window into space, but that was not until after the explanations of the architect Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) and the later writings of Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472). Perspective became officially recognized as an artistic technique.] Establishing a broader perspective was part of the trend toward realism in the arts. To this end, painters also developed other techniques such as the study of light and shadow, as famous by Leonardo da Vinci.

Romantic school

It is an artistic movement in the period between 1800-1840. One of the characteristics of romanticism in paintings reflects the strength of feelings and emotions, and unbridled imagination is the true and authentic source of aesthetic experiences, with a focus on various human emotions such as fear, horror, panic, and pain. Which contributed to raising the status of popular and traditional arts to a degree more poetic than classical, and one of the most famous artists of this school is Casper David Friedrich.

Baroque art

Italian art in the Baroque era

The art of Baroque arose at the end of the Renaissance in the seventeenth century. However, the characteristic that united them was the tendency towards liberation from the constraints of classicism. This style spread in the Western world through the diversity of its methods of performance in the fields of methods, design, architecture, music and poetry, and were mixed in it. Taking cues from the Gothic and Renaissance styles, Baroque art is characterized by a clear tendency towards showing vitality and movement in combination with intense emotional feelings.

Among the most important artists of this era (Caravaggio – Lorenzo Bernini – Paul Rubens)

Rococo

Rococo is a word that means shell or shell, irregular in shape with curved lines, from which decorations were derived in that period, and it is considered the art of interior decoration. This style of art appeared in the eighteenth century and is considered an extension of the Baroque, but with aesthetic standards characterized by smoothness and delicacy. This style continued to flourish in Germany and France in particular and disappeared from France after the French Revolution in 1789.

Realism Art

The realist doctrine appeared in the middle of the nineteenth century, where realism sought to move away from the “neoclassical” group and its harshness, and realistic art is that art expresses realistic things that actually exist on the test that everything we see in reality is beautiful, and one of the most famous artists of realism is Gustave Courbet ( 1819 – 1877 AD) He is the founder of the Realist school, which emerged at the beginning of the century.

Impressionism

Impressionism. It is noted that the word is sometimes translated into our Arabic language as “Impressionism,” and its followers are called “Impressionists.” To clarify the meaning of the Impressionist school more, its adherents fill their eyes with the scene they see and record it in their memory for minutes until it is “imprinted on their minds,” and then they return to their studio to record the “impression.” “What remains for them, or it is a direct drawing with clear strokes from sunrise to sunset for the landscape, and one of the most prominent artists is “Vincent Van Gogh”.

Expressionism

Expressionism, which appeared in photography, was a type of art in which the artist expresses his feelings and spiritual values ​​by distorting shapes, or emphasizing color. Thus, the painting is considered symbolic of personal experiences. The philosophy of expressionism was to express things in an emotional way, that is, to represent reality, and not to transfer it. Hence, art is embodied in choosing the expressive direction, which is not the representation of visual nature as it is, but the representation of the emotions and feelings that emanate from the witness. Among the most famous artists are “James Anwar” and “Edward Munch.”

Fauvism

It means (savage). The artists of this school were distinguished by extremism in the use of colors, going beyond all recognized artistic traditions. This movement, which was the beginning of modern art, was distinguished by the strength of red and clear colors. This school was influenced by Eastern arts, and the expressive style of this school is the total composition of the image, as it Each form in artistic composition has a role to play, so that the artistic work involves the harmony of all elements with each other, as the part is linked to the whole and the whole is composed of parts. Among the most famous artists of this school are “Matisse”, “Gauguin”, “Vlamnick”, “André Derain” and “Raoul Dufy”. Albert Mark

Cubism

It is a school that relies on sharp lines and cubing of elements. It does not favor contrasting colors and prefers choosing sharp angles and straight lines instead of round lines. It is transforming the element into a sharp, overlapping square shape and divisions. Among the most famous artists of this school are “Bilopicasso” and Georges Braque”.

Abstract art

The term abstract in contemporary art means extracting the essence from the real form and displaying it in a new form. The word abstract, which was given to this type of art, does not mean representing the elements as their form is shown in nature, but rather depicting from them something new that has no connection with the realistic form. It is the expression and modification of ideas and elements randomly and with color mixing.

Surrealism

is an artistic and literary movement. It is the product of the artist’s subconscious mind. It expresses the thoughts of the soul without restrictions from society. It is the use of natural forms in forms that do not make sense to the conscious mind. We can say that unbridled imagination is the starting point of surrealist art, and one of the most famous. Artists of this school: “Salvador Dali”